“Today, government is in the midst of significant changes that have both near-term consequences and lasting impact. Such changes become more complex in nature and more uncertain in effect. At the same time, the demands on government continue to grow while the collective resources available to meet such demands are increasingly constrained. Government leaders, managers, and stakeholders face major challenges, including: fiscal austerity, citizen expectations, the pace of technology and innovation, and a new role for governance. These challenges influence how government executives lead today, and, more importantly, how they can prepare for the future. To understand how government executives can move forward most effectively, the IBM Center for The Business of Government has looked across our interactions with government leaders and stakeholders, as well as the considerable work and thinking of the many outstanding authors of Center reports in recent years, and has identified a set of trends that correspond to these challenges and drive change in government. These trends—both separately and in combination—paint a path forward in responding to the ever-increasing complexity that government faces today and into the future.”