BallotPedia: “As of September 9, 2024, 11 statewide ballot measures related to abortion were certified in Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New York, Nevada, and South Dakota for the general election ballot in 2024. This is the most on record for a single year. Since the 1970s, abortion-related policies have been a topic for statewide ballot measures across the U.S. The most recent vote on an abortion-related ballot measure was Ohio Issue 1, which voters approved. Issue 1 provided a state constitutional right to “make and carry out one’s own reproductive decisions,” including decisions about abortion, contraception, and other reproductive matters. In 2022, there were six ballot measures addressing abortion — the most on record for a single year. Measures were approved in California, Michigan, and Vermont. Measures were defeated in Kansas, Kentucky, and Montana. From 1970 to November 2023, there were 54 abortion-related ballot measures, and 43 (80%) of these had the support of organizations that described themselves as pro-life. Voters approved 11 (26%) and rejected 32 (74%) of these 43 ballot measures. The other 11 abortion-related ballot measures had the support of organizations that described themselves as pro-choice or pro-reproductive rights. Voters approved eight (73%) and rejected three (27%). Before Roe v. Wade in 1973, three abortion-related measures were on the ballot in Michigan, North Dakota, and Washington, and each was designed to allow abortion in its respective state. On this page, you will find a list of states that have voted on abortion-related ballot measures, a timeline of abortion on the ballot, a list of measures by year, and a list of measures by topic. HIGHLIGHTS:

• In 2022, there were six ballot measures addressing abortion — the most on record before 2024.
• From 1970 to 2023, there were 54 abortion-related ballot measures, and 43 (80%) of these had the support of organizations that described themselves as pro-life. Voters approved 11 (26%) and rejected 32 (74%) of these 43 ballot measures.
• There were 11 abortion-related ballot measures that had the support of organizations that described themselves as pro-choice or pro-reproductive rights. Voters approved eight (73%) and rejected three (27%).
• The states with the highest number of abortion-related ballot measures were Colorado (nine), Oregon (six), California (four), and Washington (four). These states have an initiative and referendum process.
• From 1970 to 2023, 38 of 54 (70%) abortion-related ballot measures were citizen-initiated as statutes, constitutional amendments, or veto referendums. Legislatures referred 15 (28%) to the ballot, and a state constitutional convention referred one (2%)…”