HHS OIG, National Institutes of Health: Conflicts of Interest in Extramural Research, January 17, 2008: “NIH provides billions of dollars to institutions in the form of research grants. It is imperative that the funds provided to grantee institutions be used appropriately and that the research conducted using these funds not be biased because of any conflicting financial interests of investigators. Although the responsibility of complying with Federal financial conflict-of-interest regulations ultimately falls to the grantee institution, NIH, as an oversight body, should take a more active role in overseeing financial conflicts of interest among grantee institutions.”