“The UN E-Government Survey 2008: From E-Government to Connected Governance (246 pages, PDF) assesses the e-government readiness of the 192 Member States of the UN according to a quantitative composite index of e-readiness based on website assessment, telecommunication infrastructure, and human resource endowment. ICTs can help reinvent government in such a way that existing institutional arrangements can be restructured and new innovative arrangements can flourish, paving the way for a transformed government. The focus of the report this year, in Part II, is e-government initiatives directed at improving operational efficiency through the integration of back-office functions.”