: “CBO’s analysis compares the cost of two fuel-cycle alternatives for the current generation of thermal reactors. One alternative is direct disposal (as stipulated by current law), which involves using nuclear fuel once, cooling it at an interim storage site, and then disposing of it in a long-term repository. The second alternative is reprocessing, in which spent nuclear fuel is cooled and then reprocessed for one additional use in a reactor, and the wastes from reprocessing are stored in a long-term repository.”