Counting Stuff – Rand Au: “…It’s impossible to summarize the huge amount of thought that’s gone into the question of how to organize our data for use. The people who wrote many books about the topic have put many years more thought into it than I have. But even if you do the briefest of searching about designing data warehouses or organizing data to begin with you’ll find a set of very common names. Out in the wild, the notion of “Tidy Data” which surrounds the very robust analysis toolset of R and the “tidyverse” family of analysis tools talks about structuring data in a relatively standardized structure. Data is stored according to three simple rules:

1. Every column is a variable.
2. Every row is an observation.
3. Every cell is a single value.